NIA

"A Arqueologia é uma ciência humana da área do Património cada vez mais cruzada com as questões de planeamento e ordenamento do território. Nesse contexto, a Arqueologia do nosso tempo está muito associada a fases de estudo, projecto e execução de grande obras.A actual legislação portuguesa e brasileira impõe a concretização de medidas de minimização de impactes sobre o Património arqueológico decorrentes da sua afectação por projectos das mais diversas tipologias.
O texto visa, numa primeira fase, analisar os principais problemas que se colocam ás  equipas de gestão de projectos de obras que incluem componentes de Arqueologia, relativamente às quais as acções associadas são tradicionalmente encaradas como de total imprevisibilidade. Em Portugal os vestígios arqueológicos relevantes são, na maioria dos casos, detectados já em fase de obras, decorrendo desse facto constrangimentos ao evoluir da obra e à boa execução de medidas de minimização.
Os riscos são normalmente assumidos como inevitáveis e os gestores de projectos de
obras com Arqueologia avançam sem segurança. Numa segunda fase, será apresentado um modelo de actuação que fornece aos promotores e gestores de grande obras públicas ferramentas de integração das acções de Arqueologia no âmbito dos seus projectos, tornando possível um adequado planeamento, dimensionamento e controlo de acções de Arqueologia prévias ou em simultâneo a obras.
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Since its discovery in 1997, Perdigões (Reguengos de Monsaraz) archaeological complex has provided evidence for the practice of a diverse set of funerary behaviours during Recent Pre History. In 2004, Tomb III was identified and revealed what could be a different  sort of funerary structure inside the sites necropolis, where until now two tholoi type monuments were entirely dug. This paper presents the first anthropological results for the bones recovered during this first intervention where a a minimum number of 14 individuals is represented (adults and non adults). Amongst the obtained results, the frequency of Cusp 7 (40%) on the Lower Second Molar must be highlighted. 3.3% of a total of 91 teeth analysed presented linear enamel hypoplasias and no cariogenic lesions were registered (of a total of 109 analysed teeth).

Archaeology is a human science in the field of heritage which is nowadays more and more involved with questions related to (environmental and) regional planning, and which is involved in the stages of planning, design and execution of large building projects /public works.
The first aim of this text is to analyze the main problems facing management teams when, due to the nature of their project, they are faced with the need to have recourse to the services archaeologists – leading to actions which they traditionally regard as unpredictable.
At a later stage, an alternative model will be suggested, which will provide promoters and managers of large public works with the means to integrate this recourse to archaeologists into the project phase, allowing for more appropriate planning,  dimensioning and control of archaeological action undertaken prior to, or at the same time as, the public works.

This paper focusses on a set of anthropomorphic figurines. It suggests that realistic human proportion and canonical body posture were pursued in the carving of these objects as a means of expressing ideology, in a context of diversified forms of manipulation of bodies in funerary practices. It is argued that, against a background of predominantly schematic art, the more realistic and canonical anthropomorphic representation of the human body was used to communicate a set of ideological statements in a more controlled and immediate way, in a period of ontological and cosmological transition.

"The Perdigões 16 ha ditched enclosure has being continuously investigated since 1997 and widely published. Several funerary structures have been unearthed, showing a variety of mortuary practices (inhumations and cremations found in different architectural solutions like tombs, pits or ditches). Among them is Tomb 1, a tholos type structure discovered in the eastern side of this site. Preliminary data available from the Perdigões Tombs seems to indicate the collective secondary depositions of bones. If this is confirmed by the anthropological study underway, several important questions are raised regarding the process of body manipulation at the time.

This study seeks to, through anthropological analysis of the human remains recovered from the several archaeological phases in Tomb I, contribute to the better understanding of the Late Neolithic/Chalcolithic individuals that used the Perdigões enclosure as a burial site and their death management strategies, in light of a changing mental framework that can be perceived in several spheres of the archaeological evidence.
In this conference the first results of our study will be presented.
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